第一章 单元测试

1、单选题:
人体生理学的任务是阐明人体____________。( )The task of human physiology is to clarify ____________ of the human body.
选项:
A:机体物理变化的规律 the laws of physical changes of the body
B:机体化学变化的规律 the laws of chemical changes of the body
C:机体正常功能活动发生的机制及其规律 the mechanisms and laws of normal functional activities of the body
D:人体与环境之间的关系 the relationship between the human body and the environment
答案: 【机体正常功能活动发生的机制及其规律 the mechanisms and laws of normal functional activities of the body】

2、单选题:
神经调节的基本方式是____________。( )The basic way of neural regulation is ____________.( )
选项:
A:反应 response
B:前馈 feed-forward
C:正反馈 positive feedback
D:负反馈 negative feedback
E:反射 reflex
答案: 【反射 reflex】

3、单选题:
与体液调节相比较,有关神经调节特征的描述下述哪项是错误的。Compared with humoral regulation, which description of the characteristics of neural regulation is incorrect? ( )
选项:
A:调节发生快 rapid onset of regulation
B:通过反射实现的 realized by reflex
C:作用时间短 short duration of action
D:神经调节起主导作用 realized by reflex
E:作用范围广 wide range of action
答案: 【作用范围广 wide range of action】

4、判断题:
维持内环境稳态的重要调节方式是神经调节。The important regulatory mechanism for maintaining homeostasis of the internal environment is neural regulation.( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

5、判断题:
阈电位是指造成细胞膜对Na+通透性突然增大的临界膜电位。Threshold potential refers to the critical membrane potential that causes a sudden increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to Na⁺. ( )
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

第二章 单元测试

1、单选题:
关于细胞膜结构和功能的叙述,错误的是____________。The incorrect statement about the structure and function of the cell membrane is ____________. ( )
选项:
A:细胞膜是细胞和它所处环境之间物质交换的必经场所 The cell membrane is the necessary site for material exchange between the cell and its environment.
B:细胞膜是一个具有特殊结构和功能的半透性膜 The cell membrane is a semipermeable membrane with special structure and function.
C:水溶性物质一般能自由通过细胞膜,而脂溶性物质则不能 Water-soluble substances can generally pass freely through the cell membrane, while lipid-soluble substances cannot.
D:细胞膜的结构是以脂质双分子层为基架,其中镶嵌着具有不同生理功能的蛋白质 The cell membrane is structured with a lipid bilayer as the basic framework, in which proteins with different physiological functions are embedded.
答案: 【水溶性物质一般能自由通过细胞膜,而脂溶性物质则不能 Water-soluble substances can generally pass freely through the cell membrane, while lipid-soluble substances cannot.】

2、单选题:
细胞膜脂质双分子层中,镶嵌蛋白质的形式是____________。The forms of embedded proteins in the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane are ____________. ( )
选项:
A:仅在两层之间 Only between the two layers
B:仅在内表面 Only on the inner surface
C:靠近膜的内侧面、外侧面、贯穿脂质双分子层三种形式都有 All three forms exist: near the inner side, near the outer side, and spanning the lipid bilayer
D:仅在外表面 Only on the outer surface
答案: 【靠近膜的内侧面、外侧面、贯穿脂质双分子层三种形式都有 All three forms exist: near the inner side, near the outer side, and spanning the lipid bilayer】

3、单选题:
下列哪种方式不需要生物膜蛋白的参与。Which of the following modes does not require the participation of biological membrane proteins?____________。 ( )
选项:
A:离子通道 Ion channel
B:单纯扩散 Simple diffusion
C:载体转运 Carrier-mediated transport
D:离子泵 Ion pump
答案: 【单纯扩散 Simple diffusion】

4、判断题:
骨骼肌兴奋-收缩偶联中起关键作用的离子是Na+。( )
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

5、判断题:
The key ion in skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling is Na⁺. ( )
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

6、判断题:
When an action potential propagates along a nerve fiber, its amplitude decreases as the conduction distance increases. ( )
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

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